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The Danube river.
I. History
Throughout history the Danube had several names: Danubius, Istros, Histru, Danare, Donaris, Rio Divino.
Napoleon considered it to be "Les roi de fleuves de l'Europe".
Herodotus of Halicarnas wrote in the one of his works:" …among the known and sailable rivers there is the Istru".
II. Peculiarities
Europe's second river (after Volga) and the 26th in the world, the Danube springs from the Black Forest mountains (Germany) and flows to the Black Sea near the forest of Caraorman which in Turkish means The black Forest. The Danube flows through 10 countries and 4 of Europe's capitals, having 820 000 km2 hydrographic basin peopled by 80 000 000 inhabitants. Of its 2 860 km length along which it gathers affluent from 17 countries more than third are from Romania (1075 km). The Danube flow rate is 6 300 m3/s.
 Click to enlarge
Danube River
III. Danube's branches
In the past, the Danube used to have more then 3 braches: according Herodotus it had 5, to Ptolemeu it had 6 and to Polybius, 7. Due to a natural process of clogging, today there are 3 branches with the help of the which the Danube is continuously building its Delta.

Chilia is the longest branch and the most powerful as it takes 58% of the Danube's flow rate. It has many branches itself and is also the deepest (34 m). Chilia branch is used for sailing, its most important harbours are Ismail and Valcov..
Sulina was mostly used for sailing after the cutting into meanders and deepening works. It's water volume is 18% and deepest point is of 18 m.
Click to enlarge The Sulina brache at Crisan.
Sfantul Gheorghe is the oldest branch and transported 24% of water and alluviums. The deepest point is 26 m. This branch had also been modified by cutting of 6 meanders.

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